| Disaster Rally

10 Emergency Water Storage Tips

Water is the backbone of life. Often taken for granted in the First World, even the slightest natural or man-made disaster could cut off a water supply to even those most civilized of regions. Therefore, it is imperative to have an emergency plan in place that includes some type of emergency water storage.

In this guide on emergency water storage, we are going to explore all you need to know in order to be properly hydrated in case disaster were to strike. It may be a tough scenario to fathom, but there could be a situation where access to water may be unavailable for a period time. But, what disasters or scenarios could extinguish or contaminate the water supply? Let's find out more.

What Is the Best Way to Store Water?

Experts recommend the purchase of food-grade water storage containers for your emergency water storage needs. There are pricier home kits than can hold up to 55 gallons of water. But for those on a budget or those with a small house or apartment, there are other methods of maintaining emergency water storage. Buying extra bottled water at the supermarket is one way to be prepared. For example a 35-pack of bottled water adds up to a total of 4.6 gallons of water. That is enough water to sustain one person for four days. A cheaper option is to store faucet water in empty containers or jugs.

emergency water storage stainless faucet

Source: Pexels

Back-Up Water Solutions

In addition to having a tangible emergency water supply, it's important to have ways to purify water in case it needs to be gathered from nearby water sources such rivers, lakes and streams. Drinking untreated water directly from these sources can be a dangerous proposition. Here are three ways to purify unsafe water:

Water filters
Purification tablets
Fuel and stove to boil water

Is There a Need for Emergency Water Storage?

You may think it could never happen to you, but natural disasters occur on a regular basis across the globe. In the United States alone, there are regularly tornadoes, hurricanes, winter storms and earthquakes. Natural disasters such as these can knock out the water supply for days or even weeks. In the event of a city water supply contamination, water could become toxic and harmful to drink. Broken or burst pipes can cut off access to water from your home. If you combine all these factors, it should become clear that having some sort of emergency water storage can apply to any household in the world.

How Much Water?

The Center for Disease Control, or the CDC, recommends that each person has at least three gallons of emergency water storage. This is enough for each person to consume one gallon of water for a period of three days. Keep in mind that this is just the recommendation for hydration. When you factor in brushing your teeth, flushing the toilet, washing your hands, laundry and cooking, it becomes comes clear that you will need over three gallons for each member of the family.

Experts recommend storing at least 14 gallons of water per each person. This gives you a bare minimum two-week storage or a robust one-week emergency water storage. Also, don't forget to factor in water for your pets.

Emergency Water Storage Tips: Everything You Need to Know

Stored Water May Taste Funny

Water that has been in storage for a while may taste flat or "funny". This is not due to contamination, but rather the result of a lack of oxygen in the storage containers. The water is still perfectly safe to drink. To get rid of the flat taste swirl the liquid in your cup a few times before drinking it. Swirling the water allows it to gather more oxygen, which in turn enhances the taste.

Keep Water Storage on Pallets

If you are storing your water in 55-gallon storage barrels, you will most likely run into recommendations on the Internet which advise you to keep the barrels on wooden pallets instead of directly on the cement floor. The reasoning behind this is that the cement may contain toxic chemicals which may seep into the plastic storage barrels. This toxic reaction could contaminate your emergency water storage. Scientifically, there is no real proof to back up this claim unless the cement floor were to get really hot. But people with 55-gallon barrels should go ahead on store them on wooden pallets just to be safe.

Do I Need to Use Chlorine?

If you are using tap water from your city to fill your emergency water storage, there is no need to treat this water with chlorine. The city has already done this for you. If you are obtaining your water from an untreated source, however, it should be treated with the proper amount of chlorine. Untreated water from lakes, rivers or streams could contain dangerous microbes that can lead to sickness or even death. The proper equation to treat the water is to add one-eighth teaspoon of chlorine per one gallon of water.

Another option is to purchase water-treatment drops. There will be instructions on the label on how to properly use the product.

Source: Pexels

How Often Do I Rotate?

It is recommended to switch out your water storage once per year. This fact isn't as open-and-shut as it may seem, however. Technically, water does not have an expiration date. If water is properly stored, it will never spoil. What spoils the water is what gets into it. Taking the proper precautions to properly store your water can keep contaminants like bacteria out of your water. If you are worried about contamination, however, go ahead and feel free to rotate your emergency water storage once per year.

Can I Use My Pool?

The simple answer is yes, you can. The average swimming pool contains about 20,000 gallons of potential emergency water storage. The chlorine treatment used in pools is actually not harmful to drink at all. The major downfall of using your pool for emergency water storage is time. In about a week's time, the pool's filter will have been out of commission long enough for the water to become stagnant and will allow microscopic toxic agents to grow. Also, the chlorine will eventually run out and you will not have any way to clean the water.

Just to be safe, pool water of any sort should always be boiled before consumption. If you have a saltwater pool, it is not recommended to drink from it. Too much salt in your system could lead to dehydration.

Source: Pexels

How to Use Your Water during an Emergency

If your water supply begins to run low, DO NOT ration the water. Drink the proper amounts and go look for more the next day. Minimize the amount of water consumed by staying cool and reducing activity. If your storage runs low, you can also find an additional 20-30 gallons of water in your hot water heater. Only drink from this water if public water is still safe.

You can also use the water from the toilet reservoir (not the bowl) as long as the water is properly treated with bleach. Canned vegetables and fruits can also provide water for hydration.

Other General Emergency Water Storage Tips

Do not use milk jugs or refrigerated jugs to store water in
If using a container that previously held another liquid, clean the container well before storing water in it
Clearly label your emergency water storage "for drinking only" vs "for cleaning only"
Keep all water stored away from gasoline, kerosene, pesticides and other toxic substances
If you want to be sure water is safe before drinking it, you can store a water test kit

Final Thoughts

Having enough water during an emergency is one of the most important things to consider when prepping an emergency plan. Water is vital to survival as humans cannot go for very long without it. There are a number of options available for storing water. Some are more expensive and elaborate than others. What is most important is to properly store the water you have. Contaminated water will end up doing more harm than good.

Even though millions of dollars have been invested in our country's infrastructure, a natural or man-made disaster can leave your water access limited very quickly. Some of these disasters occur with little to no advanced warning.

It's up to us to be properly prepared, and not rely on the authorities for help. In the event of a disaster, these emergency services will be busy dealing with the rest of the population that was not properly prepared. Having a solid emergency water storage system in place before an emergency gives you a major advantage over those who are hoping to be helped. The answers are out there. It is up to you to take the next steps. You may think it can never happen to you. And who knows, you may never need to use your emergency water storage. But, it's always better to be safe than sorry.

Disaster Preparedness Supplies: Top 10 Items to Have Ready

Preparing your disaster preparedness supplies is essential. You never know when disaster – natural or manmade – might strike. Have you made sure that you are well-prepared for one? If not, it is time to start building your disaster preparedness kit. These essential items that will help you and your loved ones in case of an emergency. Apart from putting together disaster preparedness supplies, it is also important to develop a family emergency plan and go through a drill every now and then to make sure that everyone knows what to do in case of a disaster. When it comes to packing a survival kit, remember to pack enough for three days.

Top Disaster Preparedness Supplies for Your Emergency Kit

Disaster Preparedness Supplies pictured on ground — Image Public Domain, via Goodfellow AFB

Here are a few of the disaster preparedness supplies you should make sure to pack in your emergency go bag:

Water

Needless to say, water is at the top of the list of things to add to your survival kit. You should have a three-day supply of water. There should be 1 gallon of water per day per person or pet. After a disaster like an earthquake, flood or tornado, your tap water might become unsafe to drink, that is if it runs at all. This is why you need to have a supply of bottled water to last at least 72 hours. More would also be great if possible, as you never know when you might get rescued in an emergency or survival situation.

Dust Face Mask

When disaster strikes, concrete buildings can fall, resulting in dust and debris. Tornadoes can also bring dust and other particles all around you. For this reason, make sure that you pack a dust face mask for you and your family. There are also masks for pets – visit your local pet store.

Non-Perishable Food

Image CC by 2.0, by Salvation Army USA West, via Flickr

Another basic but critical item that needs to be included in your disaster preparedness kit is food, or more specifically, non-perishable food. These foods are ideal as you do not have to refrigerate them or need water and prepping. You should consider foods such as ready-to-eat canned meat, veggies, fruits, and cereals, as well as energy-packed snacks like granola bars and trail mix. Last but not least, do not forget to pack vitamins and special supplies for those who have special needs, such as babies, the elderly and pets.

You should not overlook diapers and infant formula as they can be difficult to find when you are on the go, especially when you are in an emergency situation. It is also a good idea to carry books, puzzles, games and other activities for children – as a part of your disaster preparedness supplies kit, as this will help in keeping them occupied and busy during what could be an extremely stressful time for you.

Medication

It is a good idea to have extra medications on hand for times you are in a disaster or emergency situation and cannot leave home for a prescription refill. Additionally, make sure to pack over-the-counter medicines like anti-diarrhea, painkillers, laxatives, painkillers, calamine lotion, antihistamines, sterile eyewash, Alka-Seltzer and if you use them, contact lenses. Remember generic cold medicines as well.

First Aid Kit

You obviously need to make sure that your survival kit has a first aid kit. Your kit should have petroleum jelly, antibiotic ointment, antiseptic liquid, Band-Aids, gauze pads, sterile bandages, adhesive tape, a salve for burns, a thermometer, hand sanitizers, latex gloves, towelettes, instant cold packs, and sunscreen. All of these will be handy in case you or someone else sustains an injury.

Tools and Disaster Preparedness Supplies

Another important item you should include in your disaster preparedness kit is tools and supplies. Make sure that you pack:

Flashlight

Whether you are in an emergency in the wilderness or closer to home, a flashlight is one of the most important items in any emergency kit. You should also include lanterns, candles, matches in a waterproof container – things you need to give you light in the dark.

Hand crank radio

A hand crank radio is another crucial item you should include when building your kit. It is the best way to get up-to-date information on weather patterns, in case of a weather-related emergency. You can also make sure that you are updated on official news from the authorities or evacuation orders.

Manual can opener

Since you will be storing a lot of canned food, include a manual can opener for them. Apart from this tool, make sure there are tweezers, scissors, a knife, a multi-tool, a sewing kit, small fire extinguisher and a wrench for turning off water and gas.

Solar Cell Phone Charger and Battery Backup

Your cell phone will not stay on throughout the time you are in an emergency situation, but it is an important tool that might help you get the assistance you need in case you get a network. You should make sure to include a solar cell phone charger for when your phone runs out of juice. It is a good idea to have a battery backup as well.

Hygiene and Cleaning Products

Being in an emergency or survival situation does not mean that you forget about cleanliness and sanitation, especially if you might be stuck in that situation for a couple of days. It is important to make sure that your disaster preparedness kit has personal hygiene and cleaning products, which includes items such as feminine products, toilet paper, toiletries, dish soap, disinfectant, bleach, and garbage bags.

Clothing

You obviously will not be able to carry everything in your closet when a disaster strikes and you have to evacuate When packing clothing for your disaster preparedness kit, choose clothes are practical and functional. Make sure that you have rain gear, thermal underwear, a jacket, work boots or a pair of durable sneakers and at least one outfit.

Important Documents and Local Map

You can never tell how much damage a disaster might cause to your home and property.

Documents

This is why you need to make sure that your survival kit includes important documents and items like cash, driver’s license, your bank account numbers, social security card, family records, passport and a list of important phone numbers that may come in handy in emergency situations. Additionally, you should make sure that you have copies of your insurance policies, will as well as other deeds and contracts.

Local Map

It is also a good idea to pack a map of the area you are in – this will come in handy in case you need to look for shelter.

Mylar Blankets

You need a lighter alternative to full sleeping bags as they are too cumbersome for a disaster preparedness kit. Mylar thermal blankets or bags are an ideal choice as they are waterproof, windproof and capable of reflecting over 90% of your body heat. They are designed to keep you warm and survive even the most severe emergency situations. What is great about Mylar blankets is that they are lightweight and easy to carry. Plus, they are available at very affordable prices.

water for emergency — Image CC by 2.0, by KOMUnews, via Flickr

Building a Survival Kit for Disaster Preparedness

Disaster can strike at the most unexpected time. Making sure that you have a very well-equipped disaster preparedness kit ready for such times may save your life. Whether it is for a flood, earthquake or any other type of disaster, a home fire, a terrorist attack, or the dreaded zombie apocalypse, having an emergency kit can go a long way in making sure that you and your family survive and live to tell the tale.

Survival kit for a single person

If you are alone when an emergency occurs, you need to quickly think and plan for yourself. But you also need to find a way to reach family and friends or a rescue team. Make sure that you have a communication plan and an evacuation plan and discuss it with your family. However, it is smart to share your plans with friends and colleagues as well. That way, someone outside your immediate family can track you down in case something was to happen. A few items you should keep in your home or office apart from the basics include a multi-tool, an emergency/weather radio and spare clothing.

Survival kit for the whole family

If you are assembling a disaster preparedness kit for your family, including children, build off the basics and necessities for a single person. The only difference is to pack more supplies so there is enough for everyone. Also pack Mylar blankets, bleach and other items like books, puzzles, and games to keep the little ones busy and occupied.

Survival Kit for Your Pets

The awareness and demand for disaster preparedness kits for pets has increased significantly in the last few years. When people need to evacuate their homes, they suddenly come to realize they don’t have supplies for their pets. Pets are more than just animals you keep at home – they are a part of your family. This is exactly why you need to assemble the right disaster preparedness supplies for your emergency kit.

Pet Essentials

Below is a list of essential items for your best friends.

Food

A supply of pet food and water to last a few days is, of course, a must. If there are any medications that your pet needs, make sure that you include them in the kit.

Clothes

If the weather is cold and you have a canine companion to take care of, you may want to get him a dog jacket or coat to keep him warm and comfy. There are dog clothes that are designed for travel and also to help dogs in water situations.

Blankets

If you own a cat or any other small animal, you should consider packing a couple of extra blankets in their carrier. When there is an emergency, all you have to do is grab it on the way out. Remember to add a small bag of cat litter too, to your disaster preparedness supplies kit.

Documents

While putting together, disaster preparedness supplies, make sure that your pet’s survival kit contains important documents like vaccination records, prescriptions, and emergency phone numbers, like for the Animal Emergency Center in your area. Put this information in your phone or tablet. But also make sure to print it out in case your battery dies or you do not get cell service.

Dishes

You should pack at least one collapsible food and water bowl in your pet’s emergency kit. They are great as they are light and do not take up space. Just remember that you wash and dry them thoroughly before you store them again as they could become moldy.

Equipment

Be sure to include items like nail clippers, extra leashes and harnesses, poop bags and absorbent potty pads, and a first aid kit that includes gauze, hydrogen peroxide and milk of magnesia for absorbing poison in case of accidental ingestion.

Preparing for Disaster is Easier Than You Think

These are the basics that every survival kit or bug out bag should have. However, periodically check the food, perishable items, medications and other disaster preparedness supplies that you have packed. Make sure that they have not expired. Once you have everything set, you are well-prepared for whatever disaster or emergency that hits. As a result, you and you and your loved ones have a much better chance of surviving it. If you have not yet assembled a disaster emergency kit, start building your kit today.

Featured Image: CC by 2.0, by Global X, via Flickr

11 Essential Items to Pack in a Disaster Preparedness Kit

Being prepared for disasters mean having a disaster preparedness kit nearby. Disasters can happen without warning regardless of geographical location.

Natural hazards such as fires, hurricanes, tornados, storms, floods, and earthquakes can unexpectedly happen. As such, making sure that you have a disaster preparedness kit is one way that you can protect yourself and your loved ones during disasters or emergencies.

What is a Disaster Preparedness Kit

A disaster preparedness kit is a compartment or container where you store items or necessities which will ensure short-term survival for one or more people.

Make sure that your disaster preparedness kit is enclosed in a dry bag or any waterproof container. It is to ensure that the items inside will not get soaked in water.

11 Items to Pack in Your Disaster Preparedness Kit

Some things are absolutely essential to have in your disaster preparedness kit. Here are 11 items you don’t want to forget to pack.

1. Emergency food and water

water is essential like this bottled water from a disaster preparedness kit being poured into a cup. — Image CC by 0, by congerdesign, via Pixabay

Water is one of the most important items in the kit. Make sure to store one gallon of emergency water per family member. Pack water bottles for you and each of your family members. Emergency WA suggests preparing at least three (3) liters of water per person.

On the other hand, emergency food must contain non-perishable items such as canned goods, noodles, energy bars, biscuits, cereals, etc. Check the expiration date of the items and pick the ones that will expire at a much later date.

Bring disposable utensils such as a spoon, fork, and table knife. Have a hand sanitizer ready in case you would need to prepare food by hand. If you have an infant, store baby supplies such as milk, baby bottles, clothing, diapers, sanitizers, insect repellent, baby food, medicines, etc. At the same time, if you have pets at home, secure your pet and store pet food and water for them.

2. First aid kit

A first aid kit is a must-have in the disaster preparedness kit. It should contain the following: medicines, disposable gloves, alcohol, cotton, band-aids, bandage, antiseptic swab, scissors, and personal medication.

The NY Times wrote that the essentials of a first aid kit may include the following: micro-pore paper tape, fabric adhesive dressings and bandages in a variety of sizes, coverlet adhesive 4-wing dressing, non-adherent bandage pads, a sterile gauze bandage roll, adhesive wound closures, triangular bandages, alcohol swabs and antiseptic wipes, packets of Bacitracin antibiotic ointment with zinc, burn ointment, eye wash, and a thermometer.

3. Means of communication

Having a means of communication is very important during disasters. Your mobile phone is an essential tool for you to seek help and reach 911 or the police. Pack a power bank since most phones nowadays get easily drained of battery.

Another thing to pack is an AM/FM radio where you can tune in for weather news and updates, announcements from the governments, or any evacuation orders. Purchase a radio that is waterproof and battery-operated so that it can last for three days or more.

4. Emergency whistle

Another essential item in your kit is the emergency whistle. This will come in handy during emergency situations. Blowing the whistle is one of the best ways to call out for help and get people’s attention.

The emergency whistle alerts emergency rescue crews of your location or for locating others that may be trapped or lost.

5. Emergency light

Pack a battery-operated emergency light in the kit. Have extra batteries ready. Additionally, you can also include candles and waterproof matches in case the emergency light runs out of battery.

You can also get a headlamp that lights up the way or area and leaves your hands free to do other more important things. Choose a headlamp that can last up to 200 hours or more without recharging.

6. Personal documents and duplicates of your house and car keys

Important documents such as IDs, debit and credit cards, passport and certificates must be inside a resealable and waterproof envelope and stored in the kit. Have a handwritten copy or printed copy of emergency contact numbers in cases of emergencies and disasters.

Another good thing to prepare is to save in a reliable USB to store scanned copies of the said documents, particularly: birth certificates, marriage certificates, property titles, government IDs, passports, insurance certificates, diploma, etc. You can also save these scanned documents in the cloud like in your email, Google Drive, One Drive, Dropbox, etc.

Make sure to keep a duplicate of your house and car keys in your disaster preparedness kit.

7. Extra cash

Another important thing to prepare is extra cash sealed in a waterproof wallet. Having money stashed for emergencies is a good way to prepare for unforeseen circumstances.

8. Hygiene kit

Furthermore, you must pack toiletries and personal hygiene items such as body wash or soap, shampoo, toothpaste, toothbrush, toilet paper, mosquito repellent lotion, comb, and sanitary napkins.

9. Protective clothing

Store protective clothing that will keep you warm and dry inside the emergency kit. You can also pack rubber boots. Ensure at least one change of clothing packed in that can last up to three or four days.

These clothing items should be suitable for the weather in your area. According to the NY Times, consider three basic layers for weatherproofing: a base, which maintains body temperature such as synthetics or merino wool; an insulation, such as fleece hooded sweatshirt or vest; and a shell which should be wind- and rain-resistant.

10. Escape kit

You can also include tools that can help you escape from entrapment, namely: window breaking hammer, pliers, pry bar, and goggles, to name some.

Another essential is an emergency flare which sends a signal outside for help and rescue.

11. Other emergency tools

Emergency tools include multipurpose tools such as a Swiss army knife, dust mask, multipurpose rope, thermal blanket, sleeping bags, scissors, glow-stick, and waterproof matches.

Extra batteries are also a must-have in your kit as it powers a lot of items such as emergency light, flashlight, radio, to name a few. You can also pack a collapsible tent where you can huddle to protect yourself and your loved ones.

5 Tips on Packing a Disaster Preparedness Kit

Packing a disaster preparedness kit can seem like an overwhelming task, but it doesn’t need to be. Here are five tips to help you make sure you are ready if disaster strikes.

1. Keep it fresh and secure

Make sure that the items in your kit are fresh and ready to go. You don’t want to eat expired goods or pull out a damaged or non-working emergency light. Ensure all the items are in good working condition.

2. Be organized

Organize all the items in your disaster preparedness kit. Properly label the items in your kit so that you would know where you put the item you are looking for. The last thing you want to achieve is taking too much time just finding or figuring out what the item might be.

3. Use a portable kit

Load your essentials in an easy-to-carry waterproof dry bag or container where you can grab it quickly. In case, you don’t have waterproof dry-bags, you can wrap your essentials inside a plastic bag that is about 2.25 mil in thickness and wrap together the opening with a rubber band before you tuck it in your kit.

4. Keep your disaster preparedness kit within reach

Let everyone in the household know where the disaster preparedness kit is kept so that anyone can grab it when disaster strikes.

5. Hold an emergency disaster drill

Another tip that you can do to prepare for emergencies or disasters is to hold a disaster drill especially if you have kids. Orient yourself and your family on what to do and how to respond in the event of emergencies and disasters. With this, make sure that you and your family members know where the disaster preparedness kit is and how to use them. Moreover, orient your loved ones with what emergency numbers to call in cases of disasters.

Most Importantly

The most important thing is that you are prepared mentally, emotionally and physically for any unforeseen disasters. Moreover, having an emergency kit ready is one of the things that you can do to prepare for disasters.

If you are living in a disaster-prone area, prepare on what to do and how to respond to it. Preparation is one of the keys to survival, but more so, the presence of mind and timely response is also essential to protect yourself and your loved ones.

Featured Image: CC by S-A 4.0, byDusty1212 12, via Wikimedia Commons

Be Prepared: Have a Disaster Preparedness Checklist

You never know when disaster will strike. But you can be ready. A disaster preparedness checklist can help keep you organized so that when trouble strikes, you won’t have to think twice. You’ll know exactly what to do.

How to Assemble a Disaster Preparedness Checklist

Things are calm, now. You have time to think. Take this time to think about what you will need most in the event of an emergency. Make a list. Go over it with everyone in your household. Your disaster preparedness checklist needs to cover all the members of your household. That includes adults, children, and pets.

Disaster Preparedness Checklist Item #1: Stay or Go?

Your first decision — and the first item on your checklist — should be knowing whether you should escape your house or shelter in place. You should have plans for both contingencies.

Make this plan together. If your family members have a part in making the plan, they will remember it better. And practice regularly, so that if the time ever comes, your response will be automatic.

Escape Plan

In the event of an earthquake, fire, or flood, you may have to flee your home. The members of your household will have a greater chance of doing this successfully if you have a plan.

First, know your exits. Know several different ways to get out of your house, including from the top floors and the basement, if possible. Next, agree on a meeting place outside the house. Make sure everyone knows where that is. Your family should also have a signal that tells everyone that it’s time to leave the house now.

If your plan includes relocating to a municipal shelter, know the nearby shelter locations, and have a plan for getting there. The Red Cross has an interactive map at its website to help you locate a shelter near you.

Make sure everyone knows the plan and practice it regularly.

Shelter Plan

In other situations, such as a tornado or civil unrest, your family will need to shelter in place. So you will need a place to shelter. Ideally, this place will be secure. It will have a heavy, locking door. It should also be physically sound and not likely to collapse. In addition, it should have adequate ventilation. It should also have a place for supplies, such as water and non-perishable food, in case you have to stay a while.

Store non-perishable food and non-prescription drugs in your shelter. — Image: CC0 Public Domain, by Kent Baxter for FEMA, via Wikimedia Commons.

Many houses in the midwestern United States have storm cellars. Additionally, some people build fortified panic rooms in their homes. If your house has a basement, you can convert it into a shelter as well. The FEMA website has information about safe rooms and shelters, including specifications, how to build one, and even how to apply for funding to help pay the building costs. When constructing your Disaster Preparedness Checklist, make sure you take any such structure into account.

Here are some different kinds of shelters you might consider, depending on where you live:

Signals

Your family should have a series of signals that everyone will hear and understand immediately. A whistle or air horn works well. Make sure everyone has one in their personal disaster kit. Make sure all members of your household know the signals and can produce them. Some signals you might include are:

Get out of the house and to the meeting point
I am in danger
All clear

Disaster Preparedness Checklist Item #2: Vulnerable Family Members

Add sanitary supply and ways to help vulnerable family members in your Disaster Preparedness Checklist — Image: CC by A-SA 4.0 International, by Hawkeye7, via Wikimedia Commons

In the event of a disaster, some family members will be able to get themselves to safety unassisted. Others will need help. If one of your household members has a physical or mental limitation, how can you help them get to safety and who will do that? If there is an infant, who will take them? What about the dog or cat? You need to have a plan that covers the following questions:

Which family members will need help?
What are their specific needs?
Who will be responsible for making sure that each vulnerable family member is safe and accounted for?

Disaster Preparedness Checklist Item #3: Kits, Supplies, and Survival Tools

Image: CC0 Public Domain, by FEMA Photo Library, via Wikimedia Commons

Ideally, you will have more than one disaster preparedness kit. You will have one in your shelter area for the group, and every group member should have their own kit close to hand in case disaster strikes at night. These kits will contain some of the same things, and some things that are different. Check out the Red Cross website for more information about putting together a disaster preparedness kit.

Personal Disaster Preparedness Kit

People who grow up in earthquake-prone areas are familiar with the under-the-bed earthquake kit. A general personal disaster kit will contain the same sorts of things to help every family member to get themselves to safety in the event of a disaster. This kit should be kept under the bed, or somewhere else where you can get to it easily in the middle of the night. These kits should include:

Your signaling device: a whistle, air horn, etc.
A flashlight.
Your phone and a charger. You might consider a solar charger, in case the electricity fails.
Shoes and socks, in case you have to walk over broken glass.
Any medications you may need.
An extra pair of glasses or contact lenses if you wear them.
A spare hearing aid and batteries if you use one.
Sanitary supply items, like tampons, if you use them.
A bottle of water. Also consider a Lifestraw or other personal water purifier.
A small non-perishable food item, like an energy bar.
A small amount of cash.
A utility knife.
If you have an infant, an infant “go bag” is a good idea. It should contain diapers, wipes, formula, water, a blanket, and anything else your infant needs.

After making your disaster preparedness checklist, keep these things close at hand. In addition, keep them organized, in a bag or backpack that you can grab and go.

Family Disaster Preparedness Kit

Make sure you have the right survival tools in your Disaster Preparedness Checklist — Image: CC0 Public Domain, by Senior Airman Omari Bernard, via Kadena Air Base, Japan.

In addition to a personal go bag, you should have a family disaster preparedness kit. Important documents, communications equipment, and medical supplies should be kept together in a centralized place. If disaster strikes, you don’t want to trust that your four-year-old can find his birth certificate, or that your eight-year-old knows where the walkie-talkies are.

Communications Equipment

A good family disaster preparedness checklist will lead to a kit that should include multiple means of communication. Everyone will, hopefully, have their personal phones. However, if cell phone service is out, walkie-talkies can help you to communicate with each other and with the outside world. A battery operated or crank powered radio can also help you to keep abreast of what’s happening.

Make a communications plan — not just with your household members, but also with people outside of your immediate area. Keep a list of important phone numbers and email addresses. In the event of a disaster, it’s important to stay in touch with the outside world.

Money and Documents

Your Disaster Preparedness Checklist should include important documents. — Image: Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0), by Damien Bariexca, via Flickr.

In the event of a disaster, it’s important to have cash on hand in small denominations. If the electricity fails, credit cards and ATMs will fail as well. Some sources recommend a minimum of $100 to $150 per person.

You should also have important documents secured safely and together. These may include passports, birth certificates, marriage, divorce papers, immigration documents, social security cards, bank account information, pet microchip numbers, and more. Consider making photocopies of important cards in your wallet: drivers license, credit cards, immigration cards, and so on.

Water and non-perishable food

Keep some non-perishable food items on hand. Items such as canned food and energy bars work well. Also, make sure that you have water. Many sources recommend one gallon of drinking water per person per day.

Stock up on non-perishable food in case of disaster. — Image: Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0), by Salvation Army USA West, via Flickr.

Non-prescription drugs

In addition to any prescribed medication, you should have a first aid kit. Your first aid kit should include non-prescription drugs like pain relievers (aspirin, ibuprofen, acetaminophen), antihistamine pills and creams, and antibiotic salves. In addition, a first aid kit should contain medical tape, gauze bandages, bandages, disposable gloves, scissors, tweezers, and other essential items.

Sanitary supply items

Sanitary supply items like tampons and sanitary pads are essential for people who use them. However, even if you don’t regularly use these products, you should have them in your disaster kit. Why? Because tampons and sanitary pads are valuable, multi-purpose survival tools. They are sterile and can be used as bandages, to stop a bloody nose, to start a fire, and even to filter (but not purify) water. You can read more about survival uses of sanitary supply items at The Art of Manliness.

Pet supplies

Pets are family members. Plan for their needs as well. Your family disaster preparedness kit should contain pet food, water, and any medications your pet may need.

Survival tools

Image is CC0, by StephenPB, via Pixabay..

Here are a few essential tools you should always have in your kit.

Gas turn-off lever. In the event of an earthquake or natural disaster, being able to turn off your home’s gas will prevent an explosion. (You might also consider installing an automatic gas shutoff valve if you live in an earthquake zone.)

Multi-tool. A good, well-made multi-tool that contains a knife, pliers, and other tools will serve you well.

Fire Starters. Sometimes you won’t have matches or a lighter. Time for some homemade fire starters. These are easy, cheap, and fun to put together. It can also be a fun, and educational family activity. Check out a few homemade fire starters here.

Keeping It All Together: Disaster Preparedness Checklist

To survive a disaster, you need a plan. That plan needs to cover all of the members of your household. Everyone needs to understand the plan, and everyone needs to practice. A checklist can help you stay organized. And staying organized can help you stay in control.

For more information about disaster preparedness, check out the U.S. government resources at Ready.gov.

Featured Image: CC BY 2.0, by Global X, via Flickr.

What to Do in Case of Tsunami Before, During, and After

Tsunamis are devastating phenomena that have the potential to ravage any coastline. The phenomenon also referred to as a seismic sea wave typically occurs as a series of large waves resulting from a disturbance emanating from beneath the ocean. The disturbance could occur due to an earthquake, meteorite, volcanic eruption, or landslide. Often, if a major earthquake or landslide happens close to the shore, the initial wave gets to the beach in minutes. Further, a tsunami can take hours to subside.

In most cases, tsunamis come onshore in the form of rapidly rising gushes of water filled with debris. While it is true that not all tsunamis cause damage to coastlines, it is important to note that all tsunamis have the potential cause danger. Frequently, the main cause of fatalities associated with tsunamis is drowning. Other forms of danger include risks associated with flooding, fire from ruptured gas lines, or contamination of drinking water. This article delves into knowledge on what to do in case of tsunami.

Before the Tsunami

Learning About the Risk of Tsunamis in an Area

It is crucial to contact the local emergency agency or Red Cross in a specific area to identify the regions that are most susceptible to tsunamis. Essentially, one should ascertain the vulnerable motels, workplaces, hotels, schools, campsites, or homes. Additionally, it is crucial to find out the height above sea level of the street one is located, and the approximate distance from the coast, to stay prepared for any eventuality.

Learning the Signs and Paying Attention to Warnings

While communication lines may offer a lifeline to save lives during emergencies, telephone lines tend to become overloaded during tsunamis. Further, evacuation routes may become overcrowded and one may not know what to do in case of tsunami. Consequently, it is critical to understand the warning systems, as well as disaster plans in place during an evacuation.

The first and most important warning sign is shaking or tremors caused by an earthquake. After shaking, it typically takes minutes before a tsunami arrives. Waiting for an official warning is oftentimes risky. Subsequently, it is crucial to access higher ground and to stay alert to warnings from the local radio or television.

Tsunami warnings are issued when tsunamis have the potential to cause widespread damage. The warnings are issued to alert emergency agencies to evacuate low-lying coastal regions and usually follow seismic related information. Following such warnings, some of the beaches may be closed and ships may be repositioned in deep waters. It is critical to pay attention to local radio channels to be up-to-date on any warnings. In tourist areas, some beaches may have sirens and such signs serve as warnings to evacuate.

Developing an Evacuation Plan

Being prepared is part of the safety when dealing with tsunamis. Planning an evacuation route from one’s location to a safe location ahead of time is advisable. Ideally, one should plan to escape two miles inland or to an area located 100 feet above sea level. Further, the safe area should take one at least fifteen minutes to arrive on foot; because in some cases, traveling by car can be impossible.

In addition, familiarity saves lives; practicing to get the safe location through the chosen evacuation route both day and night can make it easier to react quickly in case of emergencies. Also, it is vital to communicate with every member of the household on the possible actions to take if a tsunami occurs. Also, one of the crucial tools to use when preparing for what to do in case of tsunami is an emergency kit for both family members and pets.

During a Tsunami

Taking Cover

As previously mentioned, earthquakes may be among the first warning signs of a tsunami. During an earthquake, the first action should be to drop and take cover. Next, it is advisable to hold on to a firmly rooted object. After the shaking subsides, the members of the household should be ready to evacuate at a moment’s notice because the tsunami may take minutes to get to the shoreline. Research shows that it is not wise to approach the shore to watch the tsunami. Typically, if one can see the tsunami waves, it could probably be too late to make an escape.

Listen to Authorities

It is imperative to follow instructions that may have been issued by the local emergency agencies and official weather radio such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. In some cases, evacuation routes change or one may be advised to go to higher ground than expected. Local officials also give information on when it is safe to move around. It is perilous to drive anywhere before rescue officials give the go ahead.

Staying Away From Hazards

It is highly likely that one could encounter various hazards and wonder what to do in case of tsunami. For example, some power lines may have fallen and pose high risks. Also, some buildings or bridges may be weakened; which is yet another form of danger. The cold water may also present health risks such as hypothermia or even result in drowning incidents caused by running water.

It is only logical to stay away from water and keep warm. Also, tsunamis occur in waves; it is possible that the subsequent waves may be more dangerous than the initial waves. Therefore, assuming that the danger is over can expose one to further risks.

After the Tsunami

Stay Alert to News

It is recommended that one continues listening to the radio or other reliable sources of information for news on the tsunami. Such information is crucial because it gives an idea about the roads, bridges, or places that may be unsafe. Residual effects such as mudflows, contaminated water, and landslides present danger. Avoiding disaster areas is not only safer, but it is also important because it prevents people from interfering with rescue efforts.

Offer Help Where Needed

Following a tsunami, one should be helpful to other victims who may be hurt. Essentially, it is advisable to provide first aid if one has the skills, and also call for help from emergency responders. The elderly, infants, disabled, or those without means of transport may need help in such situations. Also, paying attention to how others are handling stress is vital because they may need moral support.

Re-Entering Buildings

Tsunamis cause damage to areas least expected. Observing caution when re-entering buildings is vital. Injuries on the feet arising from sharp objects are a common occurrence. Therefore, sturdy shoes are a must-have after a tsunami. When examining buildings, it is preferable to use battery powered lanterns as they are sage. Battery powered lanterns are void of fire hazards or electric shocks.

Gas leaks can also be detected by listening to hissing noises. Further, electrical systems can be turned off from the main fuse box until the entire system is fully dry. Other dangers may lurk due to animals such as poisonous snakes. Flood waters from tsunamis tend to displace animals from their habitats and such animals may end up in homes.

The Bottom Line

In conclusion, getting through a tsunami is all about preparedness. Having accurate information can be beneficial for people wondering what to do in case of tsunami.

Before a tsunami, having comprehensive information is an important step in saving lives. During a tsunami, fast reaction times and having the essential tools is also critical. After the tsunami, it is vital to offer help where it is needed and to also to observe caution when re-entering buildings. Evidently, it is possible to mitigate the possible damage or loss of lives following a tsunami.

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